Glioma
Core of basic research: Focus on tumorigenic mechanisms under the blood-brain barrier, including EGFR amplification/mutation, IDH1/2 mutation-mediated epigenetic changes, the relationship between MGMT promoter methylation and chemosensitivity, and the driving role of abnormal PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in the malignant transformation of glial cells.
Core key proteins: EGFR (amplification/mutation activates proliferation), PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor promoting proliferation), PI3K/Akt/mTOR (signaling pathway regulating growth and metabolism), PTEN (inactivation enhances pathway activity), TP53 (tumor suppressor gene with frequent mutations), IDH1/2 (produces oncogenic metabolites upon mutation), MGMT (DNA repair enzyme affecting chemotherapeutic efficacy).