Breast cancer
Core of basic research: Conduct subtype-specific mechanism studies based on molecular classification (Luminal type, HER2-positive type, triple-negative type), including estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transcriptional regulation, signal cascades of HER2 amplification, EGFR/PI3K pathway dependence in triple-negative subtypes, and tumor microenvironment and immune escape mechanisms.
Core key proteins: ERα (estrogen receptor mediating hormone-dependent proliferation), PR (progesterone receptor synergizing with ER in regulation), HER2 (ErbB2, amplification activates PI3K-Akt/MAPK pathways), EGFR (core driver molecule in triple-negative subtypes), PI3K/Akt/mTOR (signaling pathway regulating proliferation and metabolism), BRCA1/2 (DNA repair genes, mutations increase genetic susceptibility), TP53 (tumor suppressor gene, mutations associated with poor prognosis).